In SLE, true are -a) Autoimmune hemolytic anaemiab) Joint deformityc) ↑ed ANAd) Anti-ds DNAe) Raynaud’s phenomena
**Core Concept**
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies against various cellular components. It can affect multiple organs, including the skin, joints, kidneys, and hematopoietic system.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
SLE is associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations due to its ability to target various tissues. The correct options listed demonstrate the hallmark features of SLE:
- **a) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia**: SLE can cause autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to the production of autoantibodies against red blood cells, leading to their premature destruction.
- **d) Anti-dsDNA**: The presence of anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies is highly specific for SLE and is often used as a diagnostic marker.
- **e) Raynaud's phenomenon**: Raynaud's phenomenon is a common feature of SLE, characterized by vasospasm of the digital arteries in response to cold temperatures or emotional stress.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option B:** Joint deformity is more commonly associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) rather than SLE. While SLE can cause joint inflammation, deformities are less frequent and typically involve smaller joints.
* **Option C:** ↑ed ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) is a hallmark of SLE, but it is not specific to the disease. Elevated ANA can be seen in other autoimmune conditions as well.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
SLE can mimic other autoimmune and rheumatologic conditions, making accurate diagnosis challenging. A high index of suspicion and a thorough clinical evaluation, including laboratory tests, are essential for diagnosing SLE.
**Correct Answer:** .