Drugs that carry definitive risk of clinical hemolysis in patients with G 6 PD deficiency are all except?
**Core Concept**
G6PD deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, leading to hemolysis in response to oxidative stress. Certain drugs can trigger hemolysis in individuals with this deficiency by generating reactive oxygen species.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Drugs that carry a definitive risk of clinical hemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency are those that increase oxidative stress. This includes certain antibiotics, antimalarials, and antipsychotics. For instance, **primaquine** is a well-known culprit, as it generates reactive oxygen species that can deplete NADPH levels, leading to hemolysis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** **Sulfonamides** may cause hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients, but the risk is not as high as with other drugs like primaquine.
* **Option B:** **Ciprofloxacin** has been associated with hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients, but it is not as frequently implicated as other drugs.
* **Option C:** **Chloroquine** is not typically associated with hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients, although it can cause other side effects.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to screen patients for G6PD deficiency before prescribing medications like primaquine, which can have devastating consequences. A simple blood test can help identify individuals at risk.
**Correct Answer: C. Chloroquine**