Arrange the following causes of NCD deaths as per decreasing order of frequency? A. Cancers B. Cardiovascular diseases C. Diabetes D. Respiratory diseases
**Core Concept**
Non-communicable disease (NCD) deaths are a major public health concern worldwide, accounting for the majority of global mortality. The leading causes of NCD deaths are cardiovascular diseases, cancers, respiratory diseases, and diabetes, which are often related to lifestyle factors, aging, and environmental exposures.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of NCD deaths, accounting for approximately 17.9 million deaths per year, mainly due to heart disease and stroke. Cancers are the second leading cause, with 9.6 million deaths annually, resulting from various types of cancer such as lung, breast, and colorectal cancer. Respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, cause around 3 million deaths per year. Diabetes mellitus is responsible for approximately 1.6 million deaths annually.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Cancers, while a significant cause of NCD deaths, rank second in frequency, not first.
**Option C:** Diabetes is a leading NCD, but its mortality rate is lower than that of cardiovascular diseases and cancers.
**Option D:** Respiratory diseases are a significant cause of NCD deaths, but their mortality rate is lower than that of cardiovascular diseases and cancers.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that the burden of NCDs is increasing globally, with a significant proportion of deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Early prevention and management of these diseases through lifestyle modifications, screening, and treatment can significantly reduce mortality rates.
**Correct Answer:** B. Cardiovascular diseases