Decreased level of testosterone results in all EXCEPT: March 2013
**Core Concept**
Decreased levels of testosterone can lead to various clinical manifestations due to its role in regulating reproductive and sexual health in males. Testosterone is a key hormone involved in spermatogenesis, libido, muscle mass, and bone density.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Decreased testosterone levels can result in hypogonadism, characterized by reduced fertility, erectile dysfunction, decreased muscle mass, and osteoporosis. This is because testosterone promotes the growth and maintenance of the male reproductive system, including the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland. Additionally, testosterone regulates sperm production and motility, which are crucial for fertility.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Decreased testosterone levels can lead to hypogonadism, which is characterized by reduced fertility and libido. Therefore, option A is incorrect because decreased testosterone levels can indeed result in decreased libido.
**Option B:** Decreased testosterone levels can lead to osteoporosis due to the hormone's role in regulating bone density. Therefore, option B is incorrect because decreased testosterone levels can indeed result in osteoporosis.
**Option C:** Decreased testosterone levels can lead to increased risk of osteoporosis, which is a condition characterized by brittle and porous bones. Therefore, option C is incorrect because decreased testosterone levels can indeed result in osteoporosis.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that decreased testosterone levels can have a significant impact on a male's reproductive and sexual health, leading to hypogonadism and various clinical manifestations.
**Correct Answer: D. None of the above**