**Core Concept**
Synovial sarcoma is a type of malignant tumor that arises from the synovial tissue surrounding joints and tendons. Cytogenetics plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma, as specific chromosomal translocations are characteristic of this tumor type.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Synovial sarcoma is associated with the t(X;18) translocation, which involves the fusion of the SYT gene on chromosome 18 with one of the SSX genes (SSX1, SSX2, or SSX4) on the X chromosome. This translocation results in the formation of an oncogenic fusion protein that contributes to the development and progression of synovial sarcoma. The t(X;18) translocation is detected in approximately 90% of synovial sarcoma cases and is considered a diagnostic hallmark of this tumor type.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify the correct chromosomal translocation associated with synovial sarcoma.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it does not mention the SYT gene, which is a critical component of the t(X;18) translocation.

**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it suggests a different chromosomal translocation (t(2;14)) that is not associated with synovial sarcoma.

**Option D:** This option is incorrect because it mentions a different type of sarcoma (clear cell sarcoma) and its associated chromosomal translocation (t(12;22)).

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When diagnosing synovial sarcoma, cytogenetic analysis is a crucial step in confirming the presence of the t(X;18) translocation. This knowledge can help differentiate synovial sarcoma from other types of tumors that may present with similar clinical and histological features.

**Correct Answer: C. t(X;18)**