Coxsackie A virus causes all except-
**Core Concept:** Coxsackievirus (specifically, Coxsackievirus A) is a group of viruses belonging to the Picornaviridae family, which can cause various infections in humans. These viruses are named after their capacity to infect the heart and cause myocarditis, hence the term "Coxsackie."
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Coxsackievirus A is known to infect cells via attachment to specific cell surface receptors, particularly the Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR). Infection with Coxsackievirus A can lead to various clinical manifestations, including myocarditis, enteroviral meningitis, and hand-foot-mouth disease. However, the correct answer refers to a specific set of clinical manifestations that are generally not associated with Coxsackievirus A infection.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. Coxsackievirus A can cause myocarditis, which is a condition affecting the heart muscle. Infection with this virus can lead to inflammation and damage to the heart muscle, potentially causing congestive heart failure and arrhythmias.
B. Coxsackievirus A is known to cause enteroviral meningitis, which is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis caused by this virus can lead to symptoms such as fever, headache, and neck stiffness.
C. Coxsackievirus A can cause hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD), which is characterized by a rash on the hands, feet, and mouth. This condition is typically seen in children and is associated with a high fever, oral ulcers, and a rash.
D. Coxsackievirus A can cause viral meningitis, which is inflammation of the protective membranes (meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord. Viral meningitis is a common complication of Coxsackievirus A infection and can lead to symptoms like fever, headache, and neck stiffness.
**Clinical Pearl:** Although Coxsackievirus A can cause a variety of clinical manifestations, the correct answer specifically excludes viral meningitis, which is a common complication of Coxsackievirus A infection. In contrast, the other options (myocarditis, enteroviral meningitis, and hand-foot-mouth disease) are known clinical manifestations of Coxsackievirus A infection.