DNA covering material in a virus is called as –
**Question:** DNA covering material in a virus is called as -
A. Protein
B. RNA
C. Envelope
D. Matrix
**Core Concept:** In virology, the genetic material of a virus, whether it is DNA or RNA, is typically surrounded by a protective covering. This covering helps to contain and protect the genetic material while the virus interacts with its host cell.
**Correct Answer: B. RNA**
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Viruses can have DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid) as their genetic material. In the context of this question, we are specifically referring to DNA-containing viruses. The correct answer is "RNA," as it is the genetic material used in DNA covering viruses.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
**A. Protein (Protective Capsid)**: While proteins are part of the viral capsid (protein shell), they do not directly encapsulate the genetic material. The correct answer is "RNA" and not "protein."
**B. Matrix (Envelope):** In enveloped viruses, the genetic material (DNA or RNA) is enclosed within an envelope, which is a lipid bilayer derived from the host cell membrane. However, this option is incorrect for DNA-containing viruses, as they do not have an envelope but rather a protein shell (capsid) surrounding the genetic material.
**C. Envelope (Lipid Bilayer):** Similar to option B, this option is relevant for enveloped viruses containing RNA genetic material. However, the question specifically asks about DNA-containing viruses, and thus this option is incorrect.
**Clinical Pearl:** Understanding the type of genetic material (DNA or RNA) and the structure (capsid or envelope) of a virus is crucial for diagnosing and treating viral infections, as well as vaccine development. Knowledge of these features can guide the selection of antiviral treatment and prophylactic measures.
**Correct Answer: B. Matrix (Envelope)**
In enveloped viruses, the genetic material (RNA) is enclosed within an envelope, which is a lipid bilayer derived from the host cell membrane. This is why option B is correct for RNA viruses but not for DNA viruses like the one being discussed here.