Components of 60 S subunit of ribosome are
### **Core Concept**
The 60S subunit of the ribosome is a crucial component of protein synthesis, responsible for translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into a polypeptide chain. The 60S subunit is composed of several smaller subunits, which work together to facilitate the translation process.
### **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The 5.8S subunit is a component of the 60S ribosomal subunit, playing a vital role in the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain. The 5.8S subunit is involved in the binding of transfer RNA (tRNA) to the ribosome, facilitating the correct positioning of amino acids during translation. This is achieved through the interaction of the 5.8S subunit with the 28S subunit and the 5S subunit, forming the 60S ribosomal subunit.
### **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option B:** The 23S subunit is actually a component of the 50S ribosomal subunit, not the 60S subunit. It plays a crucial role in the termination of translation.
**Option C:** The 16S subunit is a component of the 30S ribosomal subunit, not the 60S subunit. It is involved in the initiation of translation and the binding of mRNA to the ribosome.
**Option D:** The 18S subunit is also a component of the 40S ribosomal subunit, not the 60S subunit. It plays a role in the initiation of translation and the binding of mRNA to the ribosome.
### **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that the 60S ribosomal subunit is composed of three distinct subunits: the 28S, 5.8S, and 5S subunits. Understanding the composition and function of the 60S subunit is crucial for appreciating the mechanisms of protein synthesis and its regulation.
### **Correct Answer Line**
✓ Correct Answer: A. 5.8 S