Components of 60 S subunit of ribosome are:
**Core Concept**
The 60S subunit of the ribosome is a crucial component of protein synthesis, responsible for the elongation phase. It consists of three main RNA molecules: 28S, 5.8S, and 5S rRNA, along with 46 proteins.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The 60S subunit is responsible for the translocation of the mRNA-ribosome complex along the mRNA, ensuring proper translation and protein synthesis. The 28S rRNA forms the core of the subunit, while the 5.8S and 5S rRNA molecules play critical roles in the binding of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) to the ribosome. This complex interplay of RNA and protein molecules enables the 60S subunit to facilitate accurate and efficient protein synthesis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:**
Incorrect because the 40S subunit is a separate component of the ribosome, responsible for the initiation and decoding phases of protein synthesis.
**Option B:**
Incorrect because the 80S ribosome is the complete ribosome complex, consisting of both the 40S and 60S subunits. While it is related to the 60S subunit, it is not a component of the 60S subunit itself.
**Option C:**
Incorrect because the 5S rRNA is indeed a component of the 60S subunit, but it is not the only correct answer. The other options provided do not accurately represent components of the 60S subunit.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The 60S subunit of the ribosome is a key target for certain antibiotics, such as chloramphenicol and erythromycin, which inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit (in prokaryotes) or the 60S subunit (in eukaryotes).
**Correct Answer: C.