**Core Concept**
Complications of prematurity refer to the various health issues that can arise in infants born before 37 weeks of gestation. These complications can result from the immaturity of the infant's organs and systems, making them more susceptible to injury and disease.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Retinitis Pigmentosa is a rare genetic disorder that affects the retina, leading to progressive vision loss. It is not typically associated with prematurity, as it is usually inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. In contrast, the other options are all recognized complications of prematurity. Intra-ventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a type of brain bleed that can occur in premature infants due to the fragility of their blood vessels. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammation of the intestines that can lead to tissue death and perforation, often seen in premature infants. Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a condition characterized by the damage to the white matter of the brain, which can occur in premature infants due to oxygen deprivation.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Intra-ventricular hemorrhage is a well-documented complication of prematurity, particularly in infants born before 30 weeks of gestation. It is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in this population.
**Option B:** Necrotizing enterocolitis is a serious condition that affects premature infants, often requiring surgical intervention. It is thought to result from a combination of factors, including immaturity of the gut, bacterial overgrowth, and oxygen deprivation.
**Option D:** Periventricular leukomalacia is a common complication of prematurity, often associated with cerebral palsy and developmental delays. It results from the damage to the white matter of the brain, which can occur due to oxygen deprivation and inflammation.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Preterm infants are at increased risk of complications due to their immaturity. It is essential for healthcare providers to monitor these infants closely for signs of distress, such as apnea, bradycardia, and decreased oxygen saturation, to prevent further complications.

**✓ Correct Answer: C. Retinitis Pigmentosa**