**Core Concept**
Measles is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the measles virus, which affects the respiratory system and the central nervous system. The virus triggers an immune response, leading to inflammation and damage to various organs and tissues.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The measles virus causes complications by triggering an immune response that leads to inflammation and damage to the respiratory system, central nervous system, and other organs. This is due to the virus's ability to infect and replicate in immune cells, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of immune cells such as macrophages and T cells. The resulting inflammation can lead to complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, and measles-induced blindness.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because measles can cause a range of complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis, and measles-induced blindness, which are not listed here.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because measles is not typically associated with this complication, which is more commonly seen with other viral infections.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because measles can cause a range of complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis, and measles-induced blindness, which are not listed here.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that can cause a range of complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis, and measles-induced blindness. Vaccination against measles is crucial to prevent these complications and protect public health.

**Correct Answer:** D.