**Core Concept**
Dalen-Fuchs nodules are a type of pathological feature seen in certain ocular inflammatory conditions. They are characterized by the accumulation of epithelioid cells and lymphocytes between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Bruch's membrane.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is associated with sympathetic ophthalmia, a rare, bilateral granulomatous uveitis that occurs after a penetrating eye injury or surgery. The Dalen-Fuchs nodules in sympathetic ophthalmia are thought to result from the migration of epithelioid cells and lymphocytes into the interstitial tissue between the RPE and Bruch's membrane, leading to inflammation and damage to the retina.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because Dalen-Fuchs nodules are not characteristic of sarcoidosis, which typically presents with non-granulomatous uveitis and does not typically involve the formation of Dalen-Fuchs nodules.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect because intermediate uveitis, while it can involve the posterior segment of the eye, does not typically present with Dalen-Fuchs nodules.

**Option C:** This option is incorrect because retinal detachment is a condition that involves the separation of the retina from the underlying RPE and does not typically involve the formation of Dalen-Fuchs nodules.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Dalen-Fuchs nodules are a key diagnostic feature of sympathetic ophthalmia and should be considered in patients with a history of penetrating eye injury or surgery who present with bilateral granulomatous uveitis.

**Correct Answer: C. Sympathetic ophthalmia.**