Commonest complication of Zenker’s diverticulum is
**Core Concept**
Zenker's diverticulum is a type of esophageal diverticulum that occurs in the upper esophagus, specifically at the cricopharyngeal junction. It is a mucosal herniation through a weakness in the muscular wall of the esophagus, leading to potential complications due to food accumulation and aspiration.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is dysphagia. Dysphagia is the most common complication of Zenker's diverticulum due to the obstruction of the esophagus by food particles accumulating in the diverticulum. This can lead to difficulty swallowing, regurgitation of food, and potentially life-threatening aspiration. The cricopharyngeal muscle's abnormal function and the esophageal mucosal herniation contribute to this complication.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** **Aspiration pneumonia** is a potential complication, but not the most common one. While aspiration can occur, it is not the primary issue with Zenker's diverticulum.
**Option B:** **Esophageal cancer** is not directly related to Zenker's diverticulum. Although both can cause dysphagia, they are distinct conditions.
**Option C:** **Achalasia** is a different esophageal disorder characterized by the failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax. It is not a complication of Zenker's diverticulum.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Remember that Zenker's diverticulum often presents with symptoms of dysphagia, regurgitation of undigested food, and sometimes aspiration. Early diagnosis through endoscopy or barium swallow studies is crucial to prevent long-term complications.
**Correct Answer:** C. Dysphagia