Common side effect of angiotensin receptor blocker?
**Core Concept**
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are a class of antihypertensive medications that work by blocking the action of angiotensin II on its receptor, leading to vasodilation and decreased blood pressure. This action is mediated through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the side effects of ARBs, which include dry cough, dizziness, and hyperkalemia. The dry cough is thought to be due to the accumulation of bradykinin, a peptide that causes vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels. ARBs inhibit the breakdown of bradykinin, leading to its accumulation and resulting in coughing.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because ARBs do not typically cause fatigue as a side effect. While fatigue can be a side effect of many medications, it is not commonly associated with ARBs.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because hyperuricemia is not a common side effect of ARBs. ARBs may actually decrease uric acid levels by increasing renal excretion.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because rash is not a common side effect of ARBs. While rash can occur with many medications, it is not typically associated with ARBs.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that ARBs can cause a dry cough in some patients, which is thought to be due to the accumulation of bradykinin.
**Correct Answer: B. Hyperkalemia**