Kalu, 35-year old male presented with the history of recurrent attacks of colicky abdominal pain. Barium meal follow through was done. What is the name of this radiological sign?
First, I need to recall what conditions cause colicky abdominal pain. Common causes include intestinal obstruction, especially in conditions like Crohn's disease or celiac disease. But since they mentioned barium follow-through, which is an imaging study for the small intestine.
Barium meal follow-through is used to visualize the small bowel. The key signs in this test that I remember include the string sign of Kantor, which is seen in Crohn's disease. The string sign refers to the narrowing of the bowel lumen, appearing like a string. Another possibility is the spiral or corkscrew sign, which might be from intussusception or volvulus. But intussusception is more common in children. Volvulus can cause colicky pain too.
Wait, but the question is about the radiological sign in the barium study. The string sign of Kantor is a classic finding in Crohn's disease. The other options could be things like the thumbprint sign (pseudomembranous colitis), or the beaded appearance in celiac disease. But since the question is about a barium meal follow-through, which is for the small bowel, the string sign is more relevant here.
So the correct answer is the string sign of Kantor. The other options would be signs from different imaging modalities or conditions. For example, the thumbprint sign is from a barium enema in colonic issues. The corkscrew appearance is more for the colon in diverticulitis. The fishbone appearance is from barium swallow in achalasia.
Therefore, the key is to link the test (barium meal follow-through) with the sign. The string sign of Kantor is the classic for Crohn's in the small intestine. The other options are either for different tests or different conditions.
**Core Concept**
This question assesses recognition of a radiological sign in small bowel imaging. Barium meal follow-through is used to evaluate the small intestine, and specific findings correlate with conditions like Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, or intestinal obstruction.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The **string sign of Kantor** is a classic radiological finding in **Crohn’s disease** of the small bowel. It appears as a narrowed, linear lumen with a "string-like" appearance on barium studies, caused by transmural inflammation leading to fibrosis and stricturing. It is distinct from the "cobblestone" appearance of Crohn’s in the colon.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** *Corkscrew sign* refers to bowel wall edema in intussusception or volvulus, not small bowel Crohn’s.
**Option B:** *Fishbone appearance* describes the normal peristalsis of the small intestine on barium studies, not a pathological sign.
**Option D:** *Thumbprint sign* is a barium enema finding in toxic megacolon or pseudomembranous colitis, not relevant to small bowel imaging.
**Clinical Pearl**
Remember: **String sign of Kantor = Crohn’s