**Core Concept**
The codes of ethics in medicine are a set of principles and guidelines that outline the professional responsibilities and obligations of healthcare providers. These codes aim to promote patient welfare, respect autonomy, and maintain confidentiality.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The Hippocratic Oath is one of the earliest and most well-known codes of ethics in medicine. It was first written in ancient Greece around 400 BCE and is attributed to the physician Hippocrates. The oath emphasizes the importance of patient confidentiality, non-maleficence (do no harm), beneficence (do good), and respect for autonomy. It serves as a foundation for modern medical ethics.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** The Declaration of Geneva is a more recent code of ethics, adopted by the World Medical Association in 1948. It is built upon the principles of the Hippocratic Oath but is more comprehensive and inclusive.
**Option B:** The Geneva Conventions are a set of international treaties that establish the rules for the conduct of war and the protection of civilians, prisoners of war, and the wounded.
**Option C:** The Nuremberg Code is a set of principles for human experimentation, established in 1947 in response to the atrocities committed during World War II.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The Hippocratic Oath has undergone many revisions over the centuries, but its core principles remain essential for medical professionals to adhere to, ensuring that patients receive care that is compassionate, respectful, and evidence-based.

**Correct Answer:** C. The Nuremberg Code, although not the original code of ethics, is the one that is often referenced as the first major code of ethics, but the primary code of ethics is the Hippocratic Oath.