**Question:** Clinical GOAl recommended by WHO for Prevention of CAD is

A. Lifestyle modification
B. Medication management
C. Early detection and management of risk factors
D. Early detection and management of coronary artery disease

**Core Concept:** Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a type of cardiovascular disease characterized by the narrowing of the arteries supplying blood to the heart, resulting in decreased blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle. Preventing CAD involves addressing risk factors and promoting healthy lifestyle modifications.

**Correct Answer: C. Early detection and management of risk factors**

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends early detection and management of risk factors for coronary artery disease prevention. This involves recognizing and treating modifiable risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, and poor diet. By addressing these risk factors, the risk of developing CAD can be reduced significantly.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Early detection and management of risk factors are crucial for preventing CAD, as they help to reduce the likelihood of plaque formation, inflammation, and arterial blockages. By addressing these risk factors, the progression of CAD can be slowed down or even stopped, reducing the burden on healthcare systems and improving patient outcomes.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

**A. Lifestyle modification:** While lifestyle modifications play a role in CAD prevention, the correct answer focuses on early detection and management of risk factors, as these are the primary means to reduce the development of CAD. Lifestyle modifications may be implemented as part of a comprehensive prevention strategy, but they alone do not constitute the recommended goal by WHO.

**B. Medication management:** While medication may be used to manage established CAD and its complications, the correct answer emphasizes early detection and management of risk factors, as these are the key components of preventing CAD. Medication management is part of the process but is not the primary focus.

**D. Early detection and management of coronary artery disease:** Although early detection and management of CAD are important, the correct answer highlights the need to address risk factors. Early detection and management of CAD are critical components of the prevention process but do not encompass the full scope of the WHO's recommended goal.

**Clinical Pearl:** The prevention of coronary artery disease is a comprehensive approach that involves early detection and management of risk factors, lifestyle modifications, medication management, and early detection and management of established CAD. By addressing these aspects, the risk of developing coronary artery disease can be significantly reduced, improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burden.