All of the following are clinical features of MEN-II EXCEPT: March 2004
**Core Concept**
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type II (MEN-II) is a hereditary disorder characterized by the occurrence of tumors in the endocrine glands, particularly the thyroid, adrenal glands, and parathyroid glands. The clinical features of MEN-II are primarily related to the overproduction of hormones by these tumors, which can lead to various systemic effects.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Pituitary tumors are not typically associated with MEN-II. MEN-II is primarily linked to mutations in the RET proto-oncogene, which affects the development and function of the thyroid, adrenal glands, and parathyroid glands. Pituitary tumors, on the other hand, are more commonly associated with other conditions such as prolactinomas, acromegaly, or Cushing's disease. The correct answer is Pituitary tumour, which is not a characteristic feature of MEN-II.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option B:** Phaeochromocytoma is a type of tumor that affects the adrenal glands and is indeed associated with MEN-II. The overproduction of catecholamines by these tumors can lead to hypertension, tachycardia, and other systemic effects.
* **Option C:** Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid is a characteristic feature of MEN-II. This type of cancer arises from the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland and can produce excess calcitonin, leading to a variety of systemic effects.
* **Option D:** Neuroma is a type of tumor that can occur in various tissues, including the endocrine glands. In the context of MEN-II, neuromas are not a characteristic feature, but they can occur in other conditions.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that MEN-II is a distinct clinical entity with characteristic features, including medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, phaeochromocytoma, and hyperparathyroidism. The presence of these features can help clinicians diagnose MEN-II and differentiate it from other endocrine disorders.
**✓ Correct Answer: A. Pituitary tumour**