**Core Concept**
A primary oocyte is a cell in the early stages of oogenesis, the female reproductive process. The chromosomal complement of a primary oocyte reflects the genetic makeup of the female individual, which is a fundamental aspect of human genetics and reproductive biology.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The chromosomal complement of a primary oocyte is 46XX, which means it has 46 chromosomes, consisting of two sets of 23 chromosomes. The X chromosomes in the oocyte's chromosomal complement are derived from the mother, while the X chromosome in the father's sperm is randomly selected and passed on to the offspring. This random selection of the X chromosome from the father determines the sex of the offspring. The 46XX chromosomal complement is characteristic of female mammals, including humans.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** 23X is incorrect because it represents a haploid set of chromosomes, which is characteristic of gametes (sperm or oocytes) but not the chromosomal complement of a primary oocyte.

**Option B:** 23Y is incorrect because it represents a haploid set of chromosomes with a Y chromosome, which is characteristic of male gametes (sperm) but not the chromosomal complement of a primary oocyte.

**Option D:** 46XY is incorrect because it represents a chromosomal complement typical of a male individual, not a female primary oocyte.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that the chromosomal complement of a primary oocyte is 46XX, which determines the sex of the offspring. However, the X chromosome in the father's sperm can be either X or Y, leading to the possibility of XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) or XYY in offspring.

**✓ Correct Answer: C. 46XX**