**Core Concept**
Cervical and thoracic vertebrae have distinct anatomical features due to their different biomechanical requirements. Cervical vertebrae are designed for flexibility and mobility, while thoracic vertebrae are more rigid and support the rib cage.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Cervical vertebrae typically have a larger foramen transversarium, which allows for the passage of the vertebral artery and vein. In contrast, thoracic vertebrae have a foramen transversarium that is smaller or absent. This anatomical difference is essential for the cervical spine's greater mobility and flexibility.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This characteristic might differentiate cervical from thoracic vertebrae, but the question asks for an exception. Cervical vertebrae indeed have a larger vertebral foramen, which is a true difference.
* **Option B:** The transverse process of a cervical vertebra is indeed larger and more prominent than that of a thoracic vertebra, which is a key distinction. This is not an exception to the rule.
* **Option C:** The superior articular facet of a cervical vertebra is more posteriorly oriented than that of a thoracic vertebra, allowing for greater flexion and extension. This is a true difference, not an exception.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Remember the acronym "CART" to recall the key differences between cervical and thoracic vertebrae: C - Cervical vertebrae have a larger foramen transversarium, A - Articular facets are more posteriorly oriented, and R - Rib cage attachment is absent in cervical vertebrae, and T - Triangular shape of the vertebral body is more pronounced.

**Correct Answer: D.**