Hypothermia in neonate is characterised by –a) Hyperactivityb) Hypoglycemia c) Apnead) Ted urinary output

**Question:** Hypothermia in neonate is characterised by –

a) Hyperactivity
b) Hypoglycemia
c) Apnea
d) Tachypnea

**Core Concept:** Hypothermia in neonates refers to a condition where the body temperature falls below the normal range of 36.5°C to 37.5°C. In neonates, maintaining a stable body temperature is essential for proper physiological functioning and development. This question tests the understanding of the clinical manifestations and evaluation of hypothermia in neonates.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**

The correct answer is:

c) Apnea

Hypothermia in neonates can lead to a decrease in body temperature, which can affect the central nervous system and autonomic functions. One of the manifestations of hypothermia is apnea, which is the cessation of breathing due to respiratory depression. This is because the decreased body temperature can impair the function of the respiratory centers in the brainstem, leading to reduced respiratory rate and eventually apnea.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

a) Hyperactivity: This is not a common manifestation of hypothermia in neonates as hypothermia affects respiratory and autonomic functions but does not typically lead to hyperactivity.

b) Hypoglycemia: Hypothermia may indirectly affect glucose levels by affecting the liver and its ability to produce glucose. However, the primary manifestation of hypothermia is apnea and not hypoglycemia.

d) Tachypnea: Although hypothermia can lead to respiratory depression, tachypnea is not a typical manifestation in hypothermic neonates. Instead, apnea is more commonly observed due to the impairment of respiratory centers in the brainstem.

**Clinical Pearl:**

Understanding the clinical manifestations of hypothermia in neonates is crucial for early recognition and appropriate management. Hypothermic neonates should be immediately assessed and rewarming initiated to prevent complications and improve outcomes.

**Correct Answer:** c) Apnea