**Core Concept**
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a complex condition characterized by the widespread activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of microthrombi in small blood vessels and depletion of clotting factors. This results in a hypercoagulable state, which can cause both thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
DIC is a multifactorial condition, and its development is often triggered by severe underlying diseases or conditions. The activation of the coagulation cascade in DIC involves the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, leading to the formation of thrombin and subsequent clotting. The condition is characterized by the consumption of clotting factors, platelets, and fibrinogen, resulting in a significant decrease in their levels. The pathophysiology of DIC is closely related to the release of tissue factor, which initiates the coagulation cascade, and the production of pro-coagulant substances such as thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI).

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**

**Option A:**
While certain infections, such as sepsis, can trigger DIC, this option is too broad and nonspecific.

**Option B:**
Although the use of anticoagulants can increase the risk of bleeding, it is not a direct cause of DIC.

**Option C:**
This option is incorrect because DIC is not primarily caused by a deficiency of clotting factors.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In patients with DIC, the presence of a low fibrinogen level, high D-dimer levels, and a prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) are indicative of the condition.

**Correct Answer:**
A. Severe underlying diseases such as sepsis, trauma, malignancy, and obstetric complications.