**Question:** Cause of repeated 2nd trimester foetal loss:

A. Thrombophilia
B. Immunological disorders
C. Endocrine disorders
D. Genetic disorders

**Core Concept:** Repeated second trimester fetal loss is a condition characterized by miscarriages in the second trimester (13-28 weeks) of pregnancy due to underlying causes.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Repeated second trimester foetal loss can be attributed to thrombophilia, a group of conditions characterized by abnormal blood clotting. These conditions can lead to placental insufficiency, a reduced blood supply to the placenta, which can result in miscarriages.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. Immunological disorders (e.g., autoimmune diseases) can cause miscarriages, but they usually occur in the first trimester (before 13 weeks) rather than the second trimester.
B. Endocrine disorders (e.g., diabetes, thyroid disorders) can contribute to miscarriages, but they are more likely to cause problems during the first trimester or lead to preterm labor rather than solely affecting the second trimester.
C. Endocrine disorders are generally associated with a broader range of pregnancy complications rather than solely affecting the second trimester.
D. Genetic disorders are typically associated with specific congenital anomalies or chromosomal abnormalities, rather than affecting the second trimester exclusively.

**Clinical Pearl:** A thorough evaluation for thrombophilia is essential when dealing with patients experiencing repeated miscarriages, particularly in the second trimester, to identify and manage any underlying blood clotting disorders, ensuring better pregnancy outcomes.

**Correct Answer:** D. Genetic disorders (e.g., chromosomal abnormalities) can lead to congenital anomalies or miscarriages, but they are not specific to the second trimester. Thrombophilia, specifically, is more likely to be associated with repeated miscarriages in the second trimester.