According to AHA/American college of cardiology which is not surgery with high risk in patients with known coronary aery disease-
**Core Concept**
The American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) provide guidelines for non-cardiac surgery in patients with known coronary artery disease. These guidelines aim to minimize cardiac risk during non-cardiac surgery.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The ACC/AHA guidelines classify non-cardiac surgeries into four risk categories based on the predicted risk of cardiac complications. These categories are: low risk, intermediate risk, high risk, and highest risk. High-risk surgeries are those that have a high likelihood of cardiac complications, such as cardiac arrest or myocardial infarction. These include procedures like major vascular surgery, aortic and major vascular surgery, and emergency non-cardiac surgery.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Major vascular surgery is considered high-risk in patients with known coronary artery disease.
**Option B:** Emergency non-cardiac surgery is also classified as high-risk due to the urgency and potential for cardiac complications.
**Option C:** This option is not listed as it was not provided in the original question.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to assess the risk of non-cardiac surgery in patients with known coronary artery disease using the ACC/AHA guidelines to minimize cardiac complications.
**Correct Answer:** D