True about Buphthalmos –a) Large corneab) Haab’s striac) Shallow ACd) Glaucomae) Medical treatment helps
**Core Concept**
Buphthalmos is a condition characterized by the enlargement of the eyeball in infants and young children due to increased intraocular pressure (IOP), often resulting from congenital glaucoma. This condition leads to corneal enlargement and distortion of the anterior segment.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Buphthalmos is caused by the inability of the infant's eye to properly drain aqueous humor, leading to a significant increase in IOP. This increased pressure causes the cornea to bulge outward, resulting in the characteristic "bulging eye" appearance. The cornea becomes enlarged due to the force exerted by the increased IOP, which also causes the formation of Haab's striae, a characteristic feature of buphthalmos.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Incorrect, as buphthalmos is not primarily characterized by a large cornea. While the cornea may appear enlarged due to the increased IOP, this is a secondary effect.
**Option B:** Correct, Haab's striae are a hallmark of buphthalmos, resulting from the stretching of the sclera due to increased IOP.
**Option C:** Incorrect, as the anterior chamber (AC) may actually appear shallow due to the forward displacement of the iris, but this is not a defining feature of buphthalmos.
**Option D:** Incorrect, as glaucoma is the underlying cause of buphthalmos, rather than a consequence of the condition.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In infants and young children, buphthalmos is often associated with congenital glaucoma, and prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent vision loss and other complications.
**Correct Answer:** B. Haab's stria