Brucellosis can be transmitted by all EXCEPT
**Core Concept**
Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the genus *Brucella*, which primarily affects livestock and can be transmitted to humans through various routes. The transmission of brucellosis involves the ingestion of contaminated food products, contact with infected animals, or inhalation of aerosolized bacteria.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Brucellosis is typically transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, contaminated animal products such as unpasteurized milk, cheese, or meat, or through the inhalation of aerosolized bacteria during handling of infected animals. This occurs when the bacteria enter the body through mucous membranes or cuts in the skin.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because brucellosis can indeed be transmitted through contact with infected animals or contaminated animal products. Direct contact with infected animals can lead to transmission through skin cuts or mucous membranes.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because brucellosis can be transmitted through the consumption of unpasteurized dairy products or contaminated meat products. These products can harbor the bacteria, which can then be ingested by humans.
* **Option D:** This option is incorrect because brucellosis can be transmitted through the inhalation of aerosolized bacteria during handling of infected animals. This is a common mode of transmission for laboratory workers and veterinarians.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that brucellosis can remain asymptomatic in its early stages, making it challenging to diagnose. A high index of suspicion and awareness of potential transmission routes are crucial for early detection and treatment.
**Correct Answer:** D.