**Core Concept**
Bronchial asthma is a complex condition characterized by **inflammation**, **airway hyperresponsiveness**, and **reversible airflow obstruction**. The underlying pathophysiology involves **immune system dysregulation** and **environmental triggers**. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the **pathophysiological hallmark** of bronchial asthma, which is **hyperresponsiveness of the airway**. This means that the airways in asthma are more sensitive and reactive to various stimuli, leading to **bronchoconstriction** and **inflammation**. The **inflammatory response** involves multiple cell types, including **eosinophils**, **mast cells**, and **T lymphocytes**, which contribute to the **airway inflammation** and **remodeling**.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** While inflammation is a key component of asthma, it is not the only characteristic.
**Option B:** Allergic disease is a common trigger for asthma, but not all asthma is allergic in nature.
**Option C:** Hyporesponsiveness is the opposite of what is seen in asthma.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect (continued)**
**Option E:** Although inhaled steroids are a common treatment for asthma, this option does not describe the characteristic of the disease itself.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that **airway hyperresponsiveness** is a hallmark of asthma, and **inflammation** plays a central role in the disease process.

**Correct Answer:** D. Hyperresponsiveness of airway