Brodie-Trendelenburg test is positive in: September 2010
**Core Concept**
The Brodie-Trendelenburg test is a clinical examination used to assess the competency of the saphenofemoral junction in preventing the backflow of blood into the superficial saphenous vein. This test is particularly useful in diagnosing saphenofemoral incompetence, which is a common cause of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
A positive Brodie-Trendelenburg test indicates that the saphenofemoral junction is incompetent, allowing blood to reflux back into the superficial saphenous vein. This occurs when the pressure in the superficial saphenous vein is greater than the pressure in the femoral vein, causing blood to flow backwards. The test is performed by compressing the saphenous vein at the ankle and then releasing it while the patient is standing. If the saphenofemoral junction is incompetent, the vein will refill rapidly, indicating a positive test.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not relevant to the Brodie-Trendelenburg test, which specifically assesses the saphenofemoral junction, not the popliteal fossa.
**Option B:** This option may be related to another type of venous insufficiency, but it is not relevant to the Brodie-Trendelenburg test.
**Option C:** This option is not a correct indication for a positive Brodie-Trendelenburg test, as it is not related to the saphenofemoral junction.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that a positive Brodie-Trendelenburg test indicates saphenofemoral incompetence, which is a common cause of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency. This test is an essential tool for diagnosing and managing these conditions.
**Correct Answer:** A. Saphenofemoral incompetence.