**Core Concept**
Shaken baby syndrome, also known as abusive head trauma, is a condition that occurs when an infant or young child is violently shaken, causing a range of injuries, including respiratory distress and cardiac arrest. This condition is often associated with abusive head trauma.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **C. Shaken Baby Syndrome**. Shaken baby syndrome occurs when an infant is forcefully shaken, leading to a sudden loss of consciousness and cessation of breathing. The violent shaking can cause damage to the brain, leading to respiratory distress and cardiac arrest. The infant's symptoms, such as turning blue around the lips and feeling limp, are consistent with shaken baby syndrome. The vigorous shaking and mouth-to-mouth breaths administered by the parents likely caused temporary relief but did not address the underlying cause of the infant's condition.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is a condition where an infant dies suddenly and unexpectedly, but it is not associated with violent shaking or abusive head trauma. SIDS is often linked to sleep position, overheating, and other environmental factors.

**Option B:** Cardiac arrest is a condition where the heart stops beating, but it is not the primary diagnosis in this case. Cardiac arrest can be a consequence of shaken baby syndrome, but the underlying cause of the infant's condition is more accurately described as shaken baby syndrome.

**Option C:** Shaken Baby Syndrome is the correct answer.

**Option D:** Child abuse is a broader term that encompasses a range of injuries, including shaken baby syndrome, but it is not a specific diagnosis. Child abuse can be physical, emotional, or neglect, but shaken baby syndrome is a specific condition that requires a detailed description of the infant's symptoms and the events leading up to the infant's condition.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Shaken baby syndrome is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. It is essential to ask parents about any history of shaking or abusive head trauma, as this can help diagnose the condition. Shaken baby syndrome is a preventable condition, and educating parents about the dangers of shaking infants can help reduce its incidence.

**Correct Answer: C. Shaken Baby Syndrome**