**Core Concept**
The risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV during delivery and after birth in non-breastfeeding women is a critical public health concern. MTCT occurs when the virus is transmitted from an infected mother to her child during pregnancy, labor, delivery, or breastfeeding.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The risk of MTCT of HIV during delivery and after birth in non-breastfeeding women is estimated to be between 15-30%. This is because the virus can be transmitted through contact with the mother's blood, vaginal secretions, or breast milk. During delivery, the baby is exposed to the mother's blood and vaginal secretions, which can contain the virus. After birth, the baby is also at risk of transmission through exposure to the mother's breast milk, particularly if the mother is not on antiretroviral therapy (ART). The use of ART during pregnancy, labor, and delivery can significantly reduce the risk of MTCT.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** 5-10% is an underestimate of the risk of MTCT during delivery and after birth in non-breastfeeding women. While ART can reduce the risk of transmission, it is not 100%, and the risk remains higher than 5-10%.
**Option C:** 10-15% is also an underestimate of the risk of MTCT during delivery and after birth in non-breastfeeding women.
**Option D:** More than 50% is an overestimate of the risk of MTCT during delivery and after birth in non-breastfeeding women, even without ART.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The use of ART during pregnancy, labor, and delivery can reduce the risk of MTCT of HIV by up to 90%. This highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of HIV-infected pregnant women to prevent MTCT.

**Correct Answer Line**
✓ Correct Answer: B. 15-30%