Branch of internal iliac artery-
**Branch of Internal Iliac Artery**
**Core Concept**
The internal iliac artery is a major branch of the common iliac artery, supplying blood to the pelvic region. It is divided into two main branches: the anterior division and the posterior division. The anterior division supplies the pelvic wall, pelvic organs, and the external genitalia, while the posterior division supplies the pelvic wall and the gluteal region.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is the obturator artery, which is a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. The obturator artery arises from the anterior division and passes through the obturator canal to supply the medial aspect of the thigh. It is an important artery for the blood supply of the hip joint and the surrounding muscles.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** The superior gluteal artery is a branch of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery, not the anterior division.
* **Option B:** The inferior gluteal artery is also a branch of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery.
* **Option C:** The iliolumbar artery is a branch of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery, which supplies the lumbar spine and the iliopsoas muscle.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The internal iliac artery is a common site for emboli to lodge, leading to ischemia of the pelvic organs. This is known as "iliac artery embolism syndrome".
**Correct Answer:** C. Inferior gluteal artery