Blood should not be mixed with
**Core Concept**
Blood is a delicate fluid that requires careful handling to maintain its integrity. Mixing blood with certain substances can lead to hemolysis, coagulation disorders, or other adverse effects. The key principle being tested here is the compatibility of blood with various substances.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is likely an anticoagulant other than heparin or EDTA. Blood should not be mixed with sodium citrate, as it can cause hemolysis and disrupt the coagulation cascade. Sodium citrate is commonly used as an anticoagulant in blood collection tubes, but it's not suitable for mixing with whole blood. The citrate ions can bind to calcium ions, leading to a decrease in ionized calcium levels, which can cause hemolysis and affect blood clotting.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Heparin is a commonly used anticoagulant that can be safely mixed with blood without causing significant adverse effects.
**Option B:** EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is another anticoagulant that can be mixed with blood without causing significant hemolysis or coagulation disorders.
**Option C:** This option is not provided.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When handling blood, it's essential to use the correct anticoagulant to prevent hemolysis and maintain the integrity of the blood sample. Always check the label on the blood collection tube to ensure it's compatible with the type of blood being collected.
**Correct Answer:** D. Sodium citrate.