A newborn was healthy for 2 – 3 days After 2-3 days infant started to develop erythematous papular lesions on face and trunk. Doctor examined the baby and sent blood culture and prepared a smear of pustular lesions. what cells would be seen in the smear prepared
**Core Concept**
The condition described is likely a congenital infection, specifically neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, which presents with skin lesions and systemic involvement. This condition requires prompt recognition and treatment to prevent severe complications.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
HSV infection in newborns is caused by the reactivation of HSV-2 or HSV-1 from the mother during delivery. The virus infects the skin and mucous membranes, leading to the formation of vesicular lesions that eventually rupture to form pustules. A smear of the pustular lesions would show ** multinucleated giant cells**, which are characteristic of HSV infection. These cells are formed by the fusion of infected cells, resulting in a large cell with multiple nuclei.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify the type of cells that would be seen in the smear. While it is a plausible choice, it is too vague and does not accurately describe the characteristic cellular changes seen in HSV infection.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it mentions "atypical lymphocytes," which are not typically associated with HSV infection. Atypical lymphocytes are more commonly seen in viral infections such as infectious mononucleosis.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because it mentions "eosinophils," which are not typically associated with HSV infection. Eosinophils are more commonly seen in parasitic infections and allergic reactions.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In neonatal HSV infection, the presence of vesicular lesions and the characteristic multinucleated giant cells in a smear of the lesions are diagnostic. Prompt recognition and treatment with antiviral medications such as acyclovir are essential to prevent severe complications.
**Correct Answer:** C. multinucleated giant cells