**Core Concept**
Cortical blindness is a condition characterized by the loss of vision due to damage or dysfunction in the visual cortex, the part of the brain responsible for processing visual information. This occurs when there is a disruption in the transmission of visual signals from the retina to the visual cortex, resulting in a loss of visual perception.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The visual pathway begins with the retina, where photoreceptors convert light into electrical signals that are transmitted to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus. From the LGN, these signals are relayed to the primary visual cortex (V1), where complex visual processing occurs. Damage to the visual cortex, such as from stroke, trauma, or infection, can result in cortical blindness. This can also be caused by conditions like posterior cerebral artery (PCA) infarction, which supplies blood to the visual cortex.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is likely related to optic nerve damage, which would result in visual field defects or blindness, but not cortical blindness specifically.
**Option B:** This option may refer to retinal detachment, which affects the retina rather than the visual cortex and does not cause cortical blindness.
**Option C:** This option seems to suggest a condition affecting the optic chiasm, which would result in bitemporal hemianopia, not cortical blindness.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Cortical blindness can be a challenging diagnosis, as patients may appear to be awake and alert, but have no response to visual stimuli. A key clinical finding is the presence of a normal pupillary light reflex, indicating that the afferent visual pathway is intact.

**Correct Answer:** B.