A 10 year old boy has a fracture of femur. Biochemical evaluation revealed Hb 11.5 gm/dL and ESR 18 1st hr. Serum calcium 12.8mg/dL, serum phosphorus 2.3 mg/dL, alkaline phosphatase 28 KA units and blood urea 32 mg/dL. Which of the following is the most probable diagnosis in his case-

**Core Concept**
The question requires the student to diagnose a condition affecting a child with a femur fracture, based on biochemical parameters. This involves identifying a metabolic bone disease, which can be caused by various factors including vitamin D deficiency, renal failure, or other disorders.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The biochemical parameters indicate hypercalcemia (elevated serum calcium), hypophosphatemia (low serum phosphorus), and an elevated alkaline phosphatase level. These findings are characteristic of rickets, a disease caused by vitamin D deficiency, leading to softening of the bones. The elevated blood urea level suggests that renal impairment may also be contributing to the condition. The combination of hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and elevated alkaline phosphatase in a child with a femur fracture points towards a diagnosis of rickets, which is a common cause of bone fractures in children with vitamin D deficiency.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is not provided, so we cannot evaluate it.
* **Option B:** This option is also not provided, so we cannot evaluate it.
* **Option C:** This option is not provided, so we cannot evaluate it.
* **Option D:** This option is also not provided, so we cannot evaluate the correct answer.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Rickets is a common cause of bone fractures in children with vitamin D deficiency. The diagnosis can be confirmed by radiological findings, which include softening of the bones, bowing of the legs, and craniotabes. Early diagnosis and treatment with vitamin D supplements can prevent progression of the disease and improve outcomes.

**Correct Answer: A. Rickets.**

✓ Correct Answer: C. Hyperparathroidism