Which of the following is a shoest acting benzodiazepine: September 2005
**Core Concept**
Benzodiazepines are a class of sedative medications that act on the central nervous system (CNS) to produce anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects. They work by enhancing the activity of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) through interaction with GABA_A receptors, leading to a decrease in neuronal activity.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
A short-acting benzodiazepine is one that has a rapid onset of action and a relatively short duration of effect. This allows for quick sedation and rapid recovery from its effects. The correct answer is **Triazolam**, which has a half-life of approximately 1.5-5.5 hours. This makes it one of the shortest-acting benzodiazepines available. Triazolam's rapid onset and short duration make it particularly useful for treating insomnia.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** **Temazepam** has a longer half-life of 8-20 hours, making it a medium-acting benzodiazepine.
**Option B:** **Lorazepam** has a medium duration of action, with a half-life of 10-20 hours.
**Option C:** **Diazepam** has a long half-life of 20-70 hours, making it a long-acting benzodiazepine.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When choosing a benzodiazepine, it's essential to consider the duration of action and the patient's specific needs. Short-acting benzodiazepines like Triazolam are best suited for treating acute insomnia or anxiety that requires rapid onset of action.
**Correct Answer: C. Triazolam**