**Question:** All of the following are done in behaviour therapy to increase a behaviour except

A. Punishment
B. Reinforcement
C. Desensitization
D. Flooding

**Core Concept:** Behaviour therapy is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on modifying undesirable or abnormal behavior by using certain techniques. The goal is to enhance desirable behavior through positive reinforcement or removal of negative consequences (punishment). The process involves identifying the association between behavior and consequences, analyzing the behavior's function, and applying specific techniques to change the behavior.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** In behavior therapy, the primary methods employed to increase a behavior are reinforcement and desensitization. Reinforcement involves increasing the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future by providing a positive consequence immediately following the behavior. Desensitization is a process that gradually exposes patients to a feared object or situation to reduce anxiety and fear associated with it.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:** Punishment is a technique used to reduce or eliminate undesirable behavior by following it with an aversive consequence. Flooding, on the other hand, is a form of intense exposure therapy that involves presenting an individual with the feared stimulus or situation in its entirety, which can lead to distress and distress-related avoidance behavior rather than increased behavior.

**Why Option C (Flooding) is Incorrect:** In contrast to desensitization, flooding involves exposing a patient to the feared situation or object without gradually reducing anxiety. This can lead to increased distress, avoidance behavior, and not necessarily an increased level of the desired behavior.

**Why Option D (Flooding) is Incorrect:** Similar to the explanation for option C, flooding involves presenting a patient with the feared situation or object abruptly and intensely, which may result in increased distress and avoidance behavior rather than the targeted behavior being strengthened or increased.

**Clinical Pearl:** In behavior therapy, it is essential to choose the appropriate technique based on the behavior and its function. Punishment and flooding are not suitable strategies for increasing a behavior, as they focus on reducing undesirable behavior or inducing distress, respectively. Instead, reinforcement and desensitization are the preferred methods to increase or modify desirable behavior.