**Question:** Banana sign seen in the fetal brain suggests

A. Ventriculomegaly
B. Encephalocele
C. Hydrocephalus
D. Cleft lip and palate

**Core Concept:** The Banana sign is a radiological finding characterized by the presence of a large, bulbous, and rounded ventricle system in the fetal brain. This sign is indicative of increased intracranial pressure and often associated with structural abnormalities.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** The correct answer, C. Hydrocephalus, describes a condition where there is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricular system of the brain, leading to enlargement of the ventricles. The Banana sign represents a specific radiological appearance of hydrocephalus, which is characterized by an enlarged, rounded ventricle system.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. Ventriculomegaly (option A) refers to an enlarged ventricle system, but it does not specifically describe the rounded appearance of the ventricles seen in the Banana sign.
B. Encephalocele (option B) is a condition in which intracranial structures protrude through a skull defect, not related to the Banana sign.
D. Cleft lip and palate (option D) is a separate congenital anomaly, distinct from the Banana sign, which is related to hydrocephalus.

**Clinical Pearl:** The Banana sign is a crucial radiological finding in prenatal ultrasound to alert the clinician about the possibility of hydrocephalus, which requires further evaluation and management to ensure appropriate fetal care and potential intervention.