Avascular necrosis is the commonest in one of the following fracture –
**Core Concept**
Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a condition characterized by the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply, often resulting from trauma or bone fractures. In the context of fractures, AVN is a complication that can occur due to the interruption of blood flow to the bone.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is associated with the femoral neck fracture, which is a common site for AVN due to its blood supply. The femoral neck receives its blood supply from the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries, which can be compromised during a fracture, leading to AVN. This is particularly true for displaced femoral neck fractures, where the risk of AVN is higher.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Scaphoid fractures are indeed a common site for AVN, but they are not the most common site among the options listed.
* **Option B:** Calcaneal fractures are less commonly associated with AVN compared to femoral neck fractures.
* **Option D:** Hip fractures in general can be associated with AVN, but the specific type of fracture mentioned in this option is not the most common site for AVN.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The Garden classification is a system used to grade the severity of hip fractures, with Grade I being a nondisplaced fracture and Grade IV being a complete fracture through the hip joint. However, the risk of AVN is higher in displaced fractures, regardless of the Garden classification.
**Correct Answer:** C.