**Question:** Parents are carriers of an autosomal recessive disorder. Chances of offspring to get affected

**Core Concept:** Autosomal Recessive Disorders - Genetic conditions that are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern require both parents to be carriers of the mutated gene. When two carriers have children, there are four possible outcomes:

1. The child receives two normal genes (healthy): This occurs in 25% of cases (1 in 4) and results in a healthy child.
2. The child receives one normal gene and one mutated gene (carrier): This occurs in 50% of cases (1 in 2) and results in the child becoming a carrier of the disorder.
3. The child receives two mutated genes (affected): This occurs in 25% of cases (1 in 4) and results in the child having the autosomal recessive disorder.
4. The child receives two mutated genes (affected): This occurs in 25% of cases (1 in 4) and results in the child having the autosomal recessive disorder.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** In this case, the correct answer ('4') represents the scenario where the offspring inherits two mutated genes from the carriers, leading to the child having an autosomal recessive disorder.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. This option represents the scenario where the child receives two normal genes, which does not result in the child having an autosomal recessive disorder.
B. This option represents the scenario where the child receives one normal gene and one mutated gene, which also does not result in the child having an autosomal recessive disorder.
C. This option represents the child receiving two mutated genes, which results in the child having an autosomal recessive disorder, but it is already covered by the correct answer.

**Correct Answer:** The correct answer, 4, represents the situation where both parents are carriers of the autosomal recessive disorder. Since the child has a 25% chance (1 in 4) of receiving two mutated genes from the carriers, leading to having the autosomal recessive disorder.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. This option does not account for the possibility of both parents being carriers and the child inheriting two mutated genes.
B. This option also does not account for the possibility of both parents being carriers and the child inheriting two mutated genes.
C. This option represents the situation where the child receives two normal genes, which does not result in the child having an autosomal recessive disorder.

**Core Concepts:**

1. Autosomal Recessive Disorders: These are genetic conditions that require an individual to inherit two mutated genes (homozygous) from both parents for the condition to manifest.
2. Genetic Inheritance: In the case of autosomal recessive disorders, the chance of an offspring having the condition is directly proportional to the number of carriers in the parents' family.
3. Genetic Testing: To prevent the birth of affected children, genetic testing can be performed for both parents before planning a pregnancy. If both parents are carriers