**Core Concept**
The question requires knowledge of genetic inheritance patterns in ocular conditions. Autosomal dominant inheritance means that a single copy of the mutated gene is sufficient to cause the condition, and it can be passed on to offspring with a 50% chance.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **C. Stargardt disease**. Stargardt disease is a juvenile macular degeneration characterized by progressive vision loss. It is caused by mutations in the ABCA4 gene, which encodes a protein involved in the transport of retinal lipofuscin. This condition is indeed autosomal dominant, meaning that a single copy of the mutated gene is sufficient to cause the disease.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not provided.
**Option B:** This option is not provided.
**Option D:** This option is not provided.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that autosomal dominant conditions often have a higher penetrance and earlier age of onset compared to autosomal recessive conditions. This is a critical distinction in genetic counseling and diagnosis.

**Correct Answer: C. Stargardt disease**