**Core Concept**
Surgical treatment for asymptomatic uterine myoma is often reserved for specific indications, taking into account the patient's age, symptoms, and overall health. The primary goal is to balance the risks and benefits of surgery against the potential consequences of watchful waiting.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **B. Rapid growth or increase in size on imaging**. This is because asymptomatic uterine myomas that show rapid growth or an increase in size on imaging may be indicative of a higher risk of malignancy, torsion, or other complications. In such cases, surgical treatment may be recommended to prevent potential complications and alleviate symptoms.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Symptomatic uterine myomas are typically treated surgically, but asymptomatic ones are usually managed conservatively. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

**Option C:** While uterine myomas can cause significant discomfort and pain, surgical treatment is not typically indicated for asymptomatic women. This option is incorrect because it assumes that surgery is necessary for every asymptomatic woman.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that the decision to operate on an asymptomatic uterine myoma should be individualized, taking into account the patient's overall health, age, and the size and characteristics of the myoma.

**Correct Answer:** B. Rapid growth or increase in size on imaging.