Ascaris lumbricoides causes deficiency of?
**Core Concept**
Ascaris lumbricoides is a large intestinal nematode that can cause significant morbidity due to its parasitic nature. The parasite's presence in the intestinal lumen can lead to malabsorption of essential nutrients, including proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is linked to the pathophysiology of Ascaris infection, where the parasite attaches to the intestinal mucosa, causing damage to the villi and leading to impaired nutrient absorption. This results in a deficiency of proteins, which are essential for various bodily functions. The parasite's presence also leads to an imbalance in the gut microbiota, further exacerbating malabsorption.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Vitamin B12 deficiency - While Ascaris infection can lead to malabsorption of various nutrients, it is not specifically associated with vitamin B12 deficiency.
**Option B:** Folate deficiency - Folate deficiency is more commonly associated with celiac disease or other gastrointestinal disorders, not Ascaris infection.
**Option C:** Iron deficiency - Iron deficiency is more commonly associated with chronic blood loss, hookworm infestation, or other conditions, not Ascaris infection.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Ascaris lumbricoides infection can lead to significant morbidity, including malnutrition, intestinal obstruction, and even respiratory complications if the parasite migrates to the lungs. It is essential to diagnose and treat Ascaris infection promptly to prevent these complications.
**Correct Answer:** D. Protein deficiency. Protein deficiency.