**Core Concept**
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blockage of an artery in the lungs, usually caused by a blood clot. The severity and outcome of PE depend on the size and location of the clot, as well as the patient's underlying health status.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Approximately 5-10% of patients with pulmonary embolism will develop pulmonary infarction, which is a segment of lung tissue that becomes necrotic due to inadequate blood supply. This occurs when the embolus is large enough to completely obstruct a major pulmonary artery branch, leading to ischemia and infarction of the affected lung segment. The infarcted area may become consolidated and can be detected on imaging studies such as chest X-rays or CT scans.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is too low, as it underestimates the true risk of pulmonary infarction in patients with PE.
* **Option B:** This option is too high, as it overestimates the true risk of pulmonary infarction in patients with PE.
* **Option C:** This option is also too high and does not accurately reflect the risk of pulmonary infarction in patients with PE.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that patients with pulmonary embolism are at risk of developing pulmonary infarction, which can be a life-threatening complication. A high index of suspicion and prompt diagnosis are crucial in managing patients with suspected PE.

**Correct Answer: C. 5-10%**