**Core Concept**
The patient presents with bilateral renal masses, which indicates the presence of bilateral renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The appropriate surgical management for bilateral RCC involves a comprehensive approach to address both tumors while preserving renal function.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
In cases of bilateral RCC, the goal is to achieve complete tumor resection while maintaining adequate renal function. Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS), also known as partial nephrectomy, is a preferred approach for managing bilateral RCC. This technique involves removing the tumor while preserving as much normal kidney tissue as possible. The decision to perform NSS or radical nephrectomy depends on various factors, including tumor size, location, and the patient's overall renal function. In this case, since both kidneys have tumors, NSS is the most appropriate surgical treatment to avoid dialysis and preserve renal function.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Radical nephrectomy is typically reserved for patients with a single kidney, chronic kidney disease, or a solitary tumor in a kidney with poor function. It would not be the preferred approach for this patient with bilateral RCC.
**Option B:** Nephroureterectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing the kidney, ureter, and bladder cuff. It is usually performed for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas, not RCC. This option is not suitable for this patient's condition.
**Option C:** Laparoscopic surgery may be used for renal tumors, but it is not the most appropriate choice for this patient with bilateral RCC. The complexity of the case requires a more comprehensive approach.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When managing bilateral renal masses, the surgeon should always prioritize nephron-sparing surgery to preserve renal function and avoid the need for dialysis.

**Correct Answer:** C.