Antiretroviral drugs are staed for HIV/ AIDS patients if CD4 count is:-
**Core Concept**
The initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV/AIDS patients is guided by the CD4 cell count, which reflects the patient's immune system status. A CD4 count of 350 cells/μL or higher is generally considered adequate to delay the start of ART, whereas a lower count necessitates immediate treatment to prevent immune system deterioration.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend initiating ART in HIV-infected individuals with a CD4 count below 350 cells/μL. This is because a CD4 count of 350 cells/μL or higher indicates a relatively preserved immune system, whereas a lower count signifies significant immune system compromise. Patients with advanced HIV disease, characterized by a CD4 count below 350 cells/μL, are at an increased risk of opportunistic infections and AIDS-defining illnesses.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** A CD4 count of 200 cells/μL is actually a threshold for initiating ART in many guidelines, not delaying it.
**Option B:** A CD4 count of 500 cells/μL is higher than the threshold for delaying ART, and treatment may not be necessary at this level.
**Option C:** A CD4 count of 150 cells/μL is significantly lower than the threshold for delaying ART and would likely necessitate immediate treatment.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to remember that the decision to initiate ART should be based on a combination of factors, including the CD4 count, viral load, and clinical symptoms. A CD4 count of 350 cells/μL or higher may not always be a contraindication to ART, and treatment may still be indicated in patients with advanced HIV disease or other complicating factors.
**Correct Answer: C. 350 cells/μL or higher**