Which of the following drugs has both antihelminth and antiprotozoal activity ?
**Core Concept**
Antihelminthic and antiprotozoal drugs are used to treat infections caused by parasites. These drugs target the life cycle of the parasite, either by inhibiting essential enzymes, disrupting cellular processes, or interfering with nutrient uptake.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is Metronidazole. Metronidazole has both antiprotozoal and antihelminthic activity. It works by interfering with the DNA of the parasite, thereby inhibiting its ability to replicate. Metronidazole is effective against a wide range of protozoa, including Giardia and Trichomonas, as well as certain helminths, such as Entamoeba histolytica.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Albendazole is an antihelminthic drug, but it does not have significant antiprotozoal activity. It is primarily used to treat infections caused by nematodes and cestodes.
**Option B:** Ivermectin is an antihelminthic drug that is effective against a wide range of parasites, including nematodes and ectoparasites. However, it does not have significant antiprotozoal activity.
**Option C:** Praziquantel is an antihelminthic drug that is effective against a wide range of parasites, including trematodes and cestodes. However, it does not have significant antiprotozoal activity.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Metronidazole is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic agent that is effective against a wide range of protozoa and certain helminths. It is often used in combination with other antibiotics to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria.
**Correct Answer:** B. Ivermectin