A case of nephritis, presents with haematuria & hemoptysis, antinuclear membrane antibody are presents. Likely diagnosis is –
**Core Concept**
The underlying principle being tested involves **nephritis** and **autoimmune disorders**, specifically those affecting the kidneys and lungs, with a focus on **anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)** and **anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease**.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Given the presence of **hematuria**, **hemoptysis**, and **anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies**, the likely diagnosis is **Goodpasture's syndrome**, a rare autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of anti-GBM antibodies. These antibodies target the **basement membrane** of both the lungs and kidneys, leading to **glomerulonephritis** and **pulmonary hemorrhage**.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Incorrect because it doesn't match the provided clinical scenario.
**Option B:** Incorrect as it is not specified.
**Option C:** Incorrect as it is not provided.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that **Goodpasture's syndrome** is a classic example of an autoimmune disease causing both renal and pulmonary manifestations, with the presence of anti-GBM antibodies being diagnostic.
**Correct Answer:** D. Goodpasture's syndrome.