**Core Concept**
Cholera is an infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration. Effective antibiotic treatment is crucial to prevent the spread of the disease and manage complications. The ideal antibiotic should target the causative organism while minimizing side effects and promoting microbial flora balance.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The recommended antibiotic for cholera treatment is Doxycycline, which is a tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. Doxycycline targets Vibrio cholerae by binding to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby preventing the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA and subsequent protein synthesis. This action is bacteriostatic, meaning it inhibits the growth and multiplication of the bacteria.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Azithromycin is another antibiotic used to treat cholera, but it is not the recommended first-line treatment. Azithromycin has a broader spectrum of activity and can be used in patients allergic to Doxycycline.
* **Option B:** Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that can be used as an alternative treatment for cholera. However, it is not the preferred choice due to concerns about antibiotic resistance.
* **Option C:** Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin antibiotic that is not typically used to treat cholera. Ceftriaxone is more effective against Gram-positive bacteria and is often reserved for more severe infections.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When treating cholera, it is essential to administer antibiotics promptly to prevent the spread of the disease. Additionally, fluid replacement therapy should be initiated immediately to manage dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
**Correct Answer:** A. Doxycycline.
Free Medical MCQs Β· NEET PG Β· USMLE Β· AIIMS
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