Anopheles species spreading malaria in urban area-
**Core Concept**
The spread of malaria in urban areas by Anopheles species is a significant concern due to the increasing resistance of the parasite to antimalarial drugs and the potential for urban malaria outbreaks. Anopheles mosquitoes are the primary vectors of malaria, and their ability to adapt to urban environments poses a risk to public health.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Anopheles mosquitoes can thrive in urban areas due to the availability of standing water and the presence of humans as a source of blood meal. Urban malaria outbreaks can be caused by the introduction of infected mosquitoes from surrounding areas or the emergence of local mosquito populations that are competent vectors of the disease. The use of insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor residual spraying can help control the spread of malaria in urban areas.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not relevant to the question, as it does not provide any information about the spread of malaria in urban areas.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify the type of mosquito that is spreading malaria in urban areas.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is not a species of mosquito that is commonly associated with the spread of malaria in urban areas.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Anopheles mosquitoes are most active during the early morning and late afternoon hours, which is when they are most likely to bite humans and transmit malaria.
**Correct Answer: C. Anopheles gambiae is a major urban malaria vector.**